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publication August 31, 2020

Beirut Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA) ¡ª August 2020




MULTIMEDIA

Immediately after the massive blast that rocked the port of Beirut on August 4, the World Bank Group (WBG) in cooperation with the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU) launched a Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA) to estimate the impact on the population, physical assets, infrastructure and service delivery.
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Immediately after the massive blast that rocked the port of Beirut on August 4, the World Bank Group (WBG) in cooperation with the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU) launched a Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA) to estimate the impact on the population, physical assets, infrastructure and service delivery. The Beirut RDNA uses ground data and cutting-edge remote tools and technology to assess (i) damages to physical assets, (ii) ensuing economic losses, and (iii) recovery and reconstruction needs.

The report builds on extensive stakeholder feedback and engagement meetings organized with concerned government entities, civil society organizations, NGOs, INGOs, professional associations, private sector organizations, think tanks, youth groups, donors and UN agencies.

The RDNA recommends a framework for Reform, Recovery, and Reconstruction (the '3Rs') to build back a better Lebanon based on principles of transparency, inclusion and accountability. The 3Rs framework combines people-centered recovery and reconstruction interventions with structural reforms that include macroeconomic stabilization, governance reforms, the private sector operating environment and ensuring human security.

Key Findings

Given the rapid nature of this assessment, the report offers low and high range for values of physical damages, economic losses and priority needs for Calendar Year 2020 and Calendar Year 2021.

  • Damages: US$3.8-4.6 billion, with housing and culture sectors most severely affected.
  • Losses: US$2.9-3.5 billion, with housing being the most hit followed by transport and culture.
  • Priority Recovery and Reconstruction Needs: US$1.8-2.0 billion, with transport needs highest followed by culture and housing.

The report includes a preliminary assessment of: (1) losses in economic activity caused by the destruction of physical capital; (2) trade disruptions resulting in higher transaction costs of external trade; and (3) the loss of fiscal revenues and of further tax exemptions approved by the Government.

The sectors covered in the report are:

  • Macro-Economic Impact
  • 5 Social Sectors: Housing; Health; Education; Culture; and Social Protection and Jobs
  • 4 Infrastructure Sectors: Transport and Port; Energy; Water Supply and Sanitation; and Municipal Services
  • 3 Productive Sectors: Commerce and Industry; Financial Sector; and Tourism
  • 3 Cross-cutting Sectors: Governance; Social Sustainability and Inclusion; and Environment

Damage, Losses, and Public Sector Needs by Sector (in US$ million)

SectorDamagesLossesTotal Needs
LowHighLowHighLowHigh
Productive and Financial Sectors
Commerce and Industry105125285345165295
Tourism170205190235170210
Financial1015  3545
Productive and Financial
Sectors Total
285345475580370460
Social Sectors
Social Protection    3540
Housing1,8752,2909451,155220265
Education15207085 10
Cultural Heritage1,0101,235400490250310
Health951152002456580
Social Sectors Total2,9953,6601,6151,975570705
Infrastructure Sectors
Water and Sanitation4045¡ª54560
Energy405055705570
Transport280345580710425520
Municipal Services303575904050
Infrastructure Sectors Total390475710875565700
Cross-Cutting Sectors      
Governance65806580180215
Environment2025¡ª¡ª75100
Social    2535
Cross-Cutting Sectors Total851056580280250
Grand Total3,7554,5852,8653,5101,7852,215