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Erhan Artuc is a Senior Economist in the World Bank's Development Research Group (Trade and International Integration Team). Prior to joining the World Bank in 2011, he was on the faculty of Koc University in Istanbul. He earned a B.A. degree from Bilkent University - Ankara in 2001 and a Ph.D. in economics from University of Virginia in 2006.

Klaus Deininger is a Lead Economist in the Sustainability and Infrastructure Team of the Development Research Group. His areas of research focus on income and asset inequality and its relationship to poverty reduction and growth; access to land, land markets and land reform and their impact on household welfare and agricultural productivity; land tenure and its impact on investment, including environmental sustainability; and capacity building (including the use of quantitative and qualitative methods) for policy analysis and evaluation, mainly in the Africa, Central America, and East Asia Regions.

Deon Filmer is Director of the Development Research Group at the World Bank. He has previously served as Acting Research Manager in the Research Group, Co-Director of the World Development Report 2018: Learning to Realize Education¡¯s Promise, and Lead Economist in the Human Development department of the Africa Region of the World Bank. He works on issues of human capital and skills, service delivery, and the impact of policies and programs to improve human development outcomes¡ªwith research spanning the areas of education, health, social protection, and poverty and inequality. He has published widely in refereed journals, including studies of the impact of demand-side programs on schooling and learning; the roles of poverty, gender, orphanhood, and disability in explaining education inequalities; and the determinants of effective service delivery.

Bob Rijkers is a Senior Economist in the Trade and International Integration Unit of the Development Research Group. He is interested in political economy, trade and labor market issues. Since joining the World Bank full-time in 2008, he has worked in the Poverty Reduction Anchor of the PREM network, the Macroeconomics and Growth Unit of the Development Economics Research Group and the Office of the Chief Economist of the Middle East and Northern Africa region.

Carolina S¨¢nchez-P¨¢ramo, a Spanish national, is Director of Strategy and Operations for the Europe and Central Asia region at the World Bank, a position she started on 1 July 2022. Prior to this, Carolina was the Global Director of the Poverty and Equity Global Practice, and before that assignment, she was the Practice Manager for Poverty and Equity in the Europe and Central Asia region. Carolina has worked on operations, policy advice and analytical activities in Eastern Europe, Latin America and South Asia, and was part of the core team working on the WDR2012, ¡°Gender Equality and Development¡±.