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• The objective of the Second Phase of the Gujarat State Highway Project (GSHP) is to improve capacity, and enhance quality and safety of road services for the users of the core road network of state highways in Gujarat, through institutional strengthening and efficient contracting and financing strategies. There are three components to the project, the first component being highway improvement component. The highway improvement component will incorporate safe infrastructure designs, public transport and wayside facilities. The works will be undertaken through a mix of nine input-based item-rates plus performance based maintenance contracts, one PPP Annuity Based DBFOMT9 and one performance based Output and Performance based Road Contract (OPRC) Contract. The second component is the sector policy and institutional development component. This component seeks to deepen the GSHP I efforts towards improving R&BD's operational capacity, and also augment the state's capacity in two more critical areas, viz., policy and planning and knowledge building, as detailed below. The priority areas of engagement have been identified in various stakeholder and staff consultations and are closely aligned to the Gujarat infrastructure development vision 2020. Finally, the third component is the road safety management component. This component will strengthen the road safety management system and improve capacity to undertake multi-sectoral road safety interventions in the state. The strategic planning and the development of this component has been based on a road safety management capacity review, a pioneering initiative in the country, supported and funded in collaboration with the World Bank Global Road Safety Facility (GRSF).

• The objective of the National Highways Interconnectivity Improvement Project for India is improve the National Highway network connectivity to less developed areas and low-income states and enhance the institutional capacity of Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation to better manage the highway network under the purview of the Ministry. The project has three components: (i) road improvement and maintenance; (ii) institutional development; and (iii) road safety.

• The objective of the PMGSY Rural Road Project is to strengthen the systems and processes of the national PMGSY rural roads program for the expansion and maintenance of all-season rural access roads. The result will enhance the road connectivity to economic opportunities and social services for beneficiary communities in the participating states. MORD has requested the Bank to increase lending by US$500 million to the Original Project and provide the continuing Bank support which can help tackle the development challenges identified. Of the US$500 million, USD150 million would be used to meet the funding gap in the original project. The remainder US$350 million will be used to introduce green and climate resilient construction in PMGSY while widening the developmental scope to tackle institutional, road safety, low carbon and climate resilience, gender and other issues described above. The Bank Team has also resolved to work with Indian counterparts to disseminate the PMSGY program internationally as an adaptable model for rural road programs in other countries16. It will demonstrate how climate change agenda should be integrated in the rural roads strategy, planning and actions.

• The development objective of the Second Kerala State Transport Project for India is to improve condition, traffic flow and road safety with a focus on vulnerable road users on selected roads in Kerala. The project has three components. The first component is road network upgrading and safety improvement. This component will include upgrading 363 km of strategically important state highways to complete network connectivity in the state with the objective of reducing travel time between key socio-economic centers. This component has following two sub-components: (A1) this sub-component will include the associated pre-construction activities including resettlement and utility relocation, environmental management and supervision and quality control services; and (A2) this sub-component will include upgrading 82 km state highway through a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) modified annuity concession to pilot the approach in the state. The second component is road safety management. This component will support the strengthening of road safety management systems in Kerala with the objective of reducing the number of fatalities and serious injuries from traffic crashes in the state. The third component is institutional strengthening. The objective of this component is to improve the sustainability of Kerala?s state road network with respect to its functional adequacy, financial viability and capacity of key state road sector institutions to deliver road infrastructure and services that are responsive to road user needs. The following two sub-components will be financed: (a) road sector modernization; and (b) community engagement and road user satisfaction.

• The development objectives of Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor Project (APL2) for India are to: (1) provide additional rail transport capacity, improved service quality and higher freight throughput on the 393 km Kanpur-Mughal Sarai section of the Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC); and (2) develop institutional capacity of DFCCIL to build, maintain and operate the entire DFC network. The project has two components: (a) design, construction and commissioning of the Kanpur-Mughal Sarai section of the Eastern DFC consisting of 393 km of double-track electrified railway designed for freight only train operations with 25-ton axle-load (upgradable to 32.5 ton axle loads) at 100 km/h; and (b) continuing the provision of institutional support to assist DFCCIL to develop its capability to best utilize heavy-haul freight rail systems.

• The development objective of the Second Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project for India is to increase road capacity, enhance quality of maintenance, improve safety, and support institutional development of Tamil Nadu's core road network (CRN). The project comprises of three components. The first component, network improvement will support the up gradation and or maintenance of selected roads within the state's core road network in two phases. The second component, institutional capacity enhancement aims to implement the institutional capacity enhancement plan (ICEP) developed by the highways department (HD) and approved by Government of Tamil Nadu (GoTN). The third component, road safety will support achievement of improved road safety, at two levels, in line with the recommendations of the recent review of the state's road safety management capacity.

• The objective of the Uttar Pradesh Core Road Network Development Project is to build capacity for results-focused road safety management in Uttar Pradesh and to improve traffic flows and safety for all road users on selected corridors of the state core road network. There are four components to the project, the first component being network improvement. The Network Improvement component will include pavement strengthening, upgrading (widening and strengthening), and maintenance of about 500 kms high priority SH corridors, part of the defined Core Road Network (CRN). The component shall include civil works, rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R); and associated consulting services and goods. The second component is the Institutional Strengthening of PWD. The main focus of the project in developing the institutional capacity of PWD will be on strengthening asset management practices, which will lead to better planning and prioritization of investments on an objective basis, and on improving the quality management system of PWD. The activities under this component include the operationalization of the Road Asset Management System (RAMS), integrated with Geographic Information System database. The project will support the RAM Division effort in expanding the scope of the data, improving information on traffic volumes and axle loading and extending the analytical capability of the RAMS. The third component is the road safety. This project will support the GoUP in strengthening road safety leadership, policy and coordination arrangements across the state, and the application of the Safe System approach, which places the emphasis on results-focused road safety management, with agreed targets in reduction of road deaths towards Zero Vision and with public accountability of lead agency and agencies in charge of road safety management. This component includes three subcomponents

• The development objective of the First Capacity Augmentation of the National Waterway Project for India is to enhance transport efficiency and reliability of national waterway 1 (NW-1) and augment institutional capacity for the development and management of India's inland waterway transport system in an environmentally sustainable manner. The project comprises of two components. The first component, improving the navigability of NW-1 (Haldia to Varanasi) includes six sub-components: (i) retroactive financing for detailed topographic and bathymetric surveys, preparation of technical feasibility and detailed engineering studies, preparation of environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) studies, and other supporting technical assistance and studies for project preparation, most of which have been completed; (ii) improvement of river fairway through dredging and river conservancy works; (iii) construction of permanent protection works for erosion- prone banks in selected locations, totaling up to 40 km; (iv) rehabilitation of the existing Farakka ship lock and construction of a new parallel lock to allow concurrent two-way working; (v) construction of: (i) six multimodal and inter-modal freight terminals with future provision to allow evolution as market clusters, (ii) two vessel repair and maintenance facilities, and (iii) five pairs of Ro-Ro crossings; and (vi) sixth sub-component includes: (i) navigational aids in the form of night navigation facilities and channel marking; (ii) enhancement of the existing river information service (RIS) through addition of app-based systems, an improved communication platform, and expanded user reach; (iii) support for the development of a terminal management system (TMS); and (iv) provision of other support services, for example, search and rescue, distress response and casualty incident management, and upgrading vessel and ri

• The development objective of the Third Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor Project for India is to: (a) provide additional rail transport capacity, improved service quality, and higher freight throughput on the 401 kilo meter (km) Ludhiana - Khurja section of the Eastern rail corridor; and (b) develop the institutional capacity of Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation (DFCCIL) to build, maintain, and manage the DFC infrastructure network. The project comprises of two components. The first component is design, construction, and commissioning of the Ludhiana-Khurja section of the Eastern DFC consisting of 401 km of single-track electrified railway with 1500m crossing loops at approximate 10 km intervals, designed for freight only train operations with 25-ton axle-load (upgradable to 32.5 ton axle loads) at maximum speed of 100 km per hour. The second component is continuing development of DFCCIL’s and Indian Railways (IR’s) institutional capacity to build, maintain, and manage DFC lines including both technical assistance and ancillary works and equipment focusing on supporting three priority areas of operational management, commercial management (including private participation), and environmental management.

• The development objective of the Bihar Rural Roads Project for India is to improve rural road connectivity in project districts and enhance management of rural roads in Bihar. The project comprises of two components. The first component, rural roads improvement will support: (a) civil works for rural roads; (b) design, implementation, and management support; and (c) pilots on innovative bridge construction and retrofitting road safety and climate resilient measures. The second component, asset management and institutional effectiveness will support implementation of road sector modernization plan (RSMP) to build on and carry forward the ongoing initiatives in the following areas: (a) asset management; (b) institutional effectiveness; and (c) road safety management.

• The development objective of the Madhya Pradesh Rural Connectivity Project for India is to improve durability and enhance resilience to climate changes of the gravel surfaced rural roads in Madhya Pradesh while building the capacity of the state to manage its rural road network and road safety. This project has four components. First component, road upgrading, construction, and maintenance. This component divides into two sub-component, (i) surface sealing of gravel roads, sealing the surface of eligible existing gravel surfaced roads developed under Chief Minister’s Gram Sadak Yojana (CMGSY) using conventional Bituminous (BT) and other alternative options, piloting post construction maintenance through women self-help groups (SHG) in selected districts, providing SHGs with road maintenance training and hand tools; and (ii) provision of alternative connectivity, providing additional links to eligible villages which are already connected by a single road link but critically require additional connectivity to respond to the growing demand to link to more social, economic and administrative centers; Second component, institutional development. This component divides into two sub-component,(i) rural road asset management system, defining the system requirements and terms of reference (overall system architecture, data collection and analytical modules) and then procuring a road asset management system or such element required to upgrade the existing system, as needed to encompass the establishment of a complete inventory of the road network with all its elements, the current condition and performance of the road network, an estimate of the value of the asset, a forecast of future demand of traffic and service needs, an estimate of the maintenance needs and cost, a prioritization of the quality and performance objectives, funding scenarios for the regular and timely main

• The development objective of Second Rajasthan State Highways Development Program Project for India is to build capacity for better management of state highways and to improve traffic flows on selected state highways in the state of Rajasthan. This project has five components. 1) The first component, Operationalization of the Rajasthan State Highways Authority, aims to support operationalization of the Rajasthan State Highways Authority (RSHA), in accordance with the provisions of the Rajasthan State Highways (RSH) Act, 2014. 2) The second component, State Highways Improvements, will support construction, upgrading, improvement and maintenance of 766 km of state highways and major district roads. It has the following subcomponents: (i) Upgrading and Maintenance through Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) Contracts; (ii) Supervision of EPC Contracts; (iii) Upgrading and Maintenance through Public-Private Partnership (PPP)-Hybrid Annuity Mode; and (iv) Supervision of Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) Contracts. 3) The third component, Institutional Strengthening, has the following subcomponents: (i) Strengthening Business Processes and Systems; (ii) Road Asset Management System and Network Planning Tool; (iii) Citizen Engagement and Accountability Mechanisms; and (iv) Capacity Building of Public Works Department (PWD’s) and RSHA’s Staff. 4) The fourth component, Road Safety, aims to adopt a multisectoral approach to building the state’s capacity for road safety management, using both proactive and preventive methods. It has the following subcomponents: (i) Road Accident Database Management System; (ii) Streamlining and Piloting Speed Management; (iii) Road Safety Performance Survey; (iv) Road Safety Strategy; and (v) Spots Review of Approach to Black Spots. The fifth component, Project Management Support, has the following subcomponents: (i) Project Management for

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